Photovoltaic module

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A photovoltaic module is a collection of solar PV (photovoltaic) cells assembled into a single functioning panel. A single panel is capable of converting sunlight into useable electricity, but an array of panels is required to generate enough power for the average home. The number of necessary panels depends on the electrical needs of the home in question.

In order to be effective over a long period of time, a photovoltaic module is often encased in a protective housing. The panels are often covered in reinforced glass to protect them from the elements. Manufacturing and installation standards allow these panels to resist extreme changes in temperature, moisture, and high wind speeds.

The material used to construct the cells within a photovoltaic module is less efficient at high temperatures. For this reason, many cells are designed to allow air flow behind the cells as a means of ventilation. The efficiency of these panels is continually improving with the technology.